![]() ![]() Mancoff (Chicago: The Art Institute of Chicago, 2000), p. Art Institute of Chicago, Treasures from the Art Institute of Chicago, selected by James N.Emily Teeter, “Ancient Art at The Art Institute of Chicago,” in The Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies, Vol.Louise Berge, “Two ‘Fayum’ Portraits,” in Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chicago 72, 6 (Nov.–Dec. ![]() Klaus Parlasca, Ritratti di mummie, Repertorio d’arte dell’Egitto greco-romano, ed.Thompson, “Four ‘Fayum’ Portraits in the Getty Museum,” in J. Barbara Borg, Mumienporträts: Chronologie und kultureller Kontext (Mainz: von Zabern, 1996), pp.Klaus Parlasca, Mumienporträts und verwandte Denkmäler (Steiner, 1966), pp.Vermeule III, “Greek and Roman Portraits in North American Collections Open to the Public: A Survey of Important Monumental Likenesses in Marble and Bronze Which Have Not Been Published Extensively,” in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 108, 2 (1964), p. Art Institute of Chicago, A Brief Illustrated Guide to the Collections (Chicago: The Art Institute of Chicago, 1935), p.Thomas George Allen, A Handbook of the Egyptian Collection (Chicago: The Art Institute of Chicago, 1923), p., Ancient Roman Title Portrait of a Man Wearing a Laurel Wreath Places Al Fayyum (Object made in), Ancient Egypt (Object made in), Roman Empire (Object made in) Date 101 CE-150 CE Medium Lime (linden) wood, beeswax, pigments, gold, textile, and natural resin Credit Line Gift of Emily Crane Chadbourne Reference Number 1922.4798 IIIF Manifest The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) represents a set of open standards that enables rich access to digital media from libraries, archives, museums, and other cultural institutions around the world. Status On View, Gallery 50 Department Arts of Africa Cultures Ancient Egyptian These highly individualized and lifelike portraits conveyed the wealth and status of the person depicted through clothing, jewelry, and other embellishments, such as the gold wreath of ivy worn by this man. To create this man’s likeness, the artist painted a thin piece of wood with encaustic, or pigmented wax, a medium that not only gave the impression of three-dimensionality but also resisted fading and deterioration in the dry climate of Egypt. Here, you can see the famous Moscow Papyrus, which is nothing more than a sophisticated mathematical text.This portrait belongs to a large group of similar works known as “Fayum portraits,” so-named for the region in northern Egypt in which many have been discovered. Interesting fact: Many people wonder how the ancient Egyptians built the Pyramids. So, the painted planks were dated according to the fashionable hairstyle at the time. In Roman times, fashions and trends were heavily influenced by sculptures of the imperial family. Historians were able to date the portraits from the hairstyles. Another interesting fact is that all the subjects belonged to the ruling class given the cost of such precious funeral honors, they were soldiers, religious dignitaries and rich merchants. Detailed analyses have shown that, despite the variety of hairstyles and beards, there are some "standard profiles". However, the paintings do not completely depict the subjects as they really were. Scientific studies have shown that the age of the mummified bodies matches that of the corresponding portraits, highlighting the low life expectancy at that time. As you can see, they are almost photographic and mainly portray young people and children. These portraits of rare beauty were placed on mummies between the 100 and 300 AD, when Egypt was under Roman rule. ![]() The importance of these portraits lies not only in their marked realism, but also in the fact that they are among the best-preserved examples of ancient painting. The name comes from the Egyptian town of Fayum, where most of the works are from. The highlight of the exhibition are the Fayum Portraits: a series of 16 funeral portraits, mostly painted on wooden boards, that covered the faces of some mummies. His was one of the best private collections of Egyptian art in the world, and was acquired by the museum in 1909. Most of the objects, including mummies, vases and statues, have been on display since the museum opened in 1912 and come from Vladimir Golenishchev's collection. One of the most interesting exhibitions in the Pushkin Museum is the comprehensive section dedicated to ancient Egypt.
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